The Passive Causative

Sub-topic: The Causative, The Passive voice

This grammar focuses on the object rather than the subject of the sentences. It uses some of the PASSIVE VOICE structure. 

(Active voice: Subject + Verb + Object = John plays the piano - Passive voice:  Object + To be + Verb in past participle = The piano is played (by John))

Estructure: Subject + GET (GOT, GOTTEN) / HAVE (HAD) + Object + Verb in past participle + (Complement)

Ex: 

• The U GOT the plattform bought (by the students) 
• The U HAD the plattform bought (by the students)
• We HAD our picture taken afer the meeting.
• They plan to HAVE the offices paid for dinner.
• CAN she HAVE her x-rays given this morning?

CAUSATIVE VS PASSIVE CAUSATIVE

We have to learn in which situations we need to use CAUSATIVE or PASSIVE CAUSATIVE and know their differences clearly.

1. I'm having some documents copied right now.
2. She'll get her friend to repair her bicycle right now.
3. Can I have this annoucement printed this morning?
4. He needs to have his pants lenghtened today.
5. She wants to get the tailor to shorten her red dress right away.
6. Can we have a professional paint this room?
7. Can I get my sweater dry-cleaned in 24-hours?
8. They should get someone to frame your picture.

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Vocabulary: Services

 Services

Services are those jobs and persons that helps us almost everyday when we need them.

1. Dry-clean (a suit) = Lavado en seco.

2. Repair shoes = Reparo de zapatos.

A shoemaker is who repairs the shoes

3. Frame a picture = Enmarcado de una foto.

4. Deliver a package = Entrega de paquete.

5.1 Lengthen (a skirt) = Alargar ropa.

The person who does this is a Tailor

5.2 Shorten (a skirt) = Recortar ropa.

6. Print (a sign) = Imprimir una señal/ letrero.

7. Copy (a report) = Fotocopiar.

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The Causative 2

 The Causative with MAKE - LET

Sub-topic: The Causative with GET - HAVE.

According with "The Causative 1" we also have other verbs that can be used in the caustive structure and give to the sentence a different meaning.

The first one is the verb "MAKE", the causative make is used to express the idea that one person forces another to do something. The causative with "MAKE" is not an incitation, it's an obligation.

Structure:

Subject + MAKE (Made) + Object + Base form of the verb + Complement

Ex: 

• They MAKE their kids finish their homework before dinner.

• She MADE him sign the form.

• The U MADE us buy the plattform.

• The policeman HAS MADE them show their IDs.

The second verb is "LET", is used to indicate that a permission is being given to do something. The causative with "LET" it's a synoym to PERMIT.

Structure: 

Subject + LET + Object + Base form of the verb + Complement

Ex:

• My boss LET me take the day off.

• I don't LET my children stay out after 9:00 pm.

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Practice Exercise #4

Topics: Offer a solution, The causative, Ways to indicate acceptance.

Sub-topics: Procrastination

For this section I will make a review of the topics learned through on a exercise using all the structures, vocabulary and more to show my improvement at these topics.

Offer a solution: Ways to indicate acceptance

 Ways to indicate acceptance

Sub-topic: Offer a solution

Sometimes things don't go as we expected, that's why we have to learn ACCEPT the situation and find another solution.

Shouko wants to ask you a favor... but you can't do it.

Expressions to indicate acceptance:

No problem ⇨ No hay probelma.

I understand ⇨ Entiendo.

No worries ⇨ Sin preocupaciones / No te preocupes.

Don't worry about it ⇨ No te preocupes por ello.

Shouko accepts your refusal and thanks you. 

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The Causative 1

 The Causative with GET - HAVE

Sub-Topic: Offer a solution

This structure is for cases when you "cause" someone to do something you can't,  is similar to the PASSIVE VOICE but this is very different. We DON'T DO the action, but we CAUSE or PERSUADE another person DO IT for us or someone else.

Structure:

We use the verb "GET" and it can be used in all the tenses and structures. And also we use the infinitive form of the verb.

Subject + Get (Gets, got, gotten) + Object + Infinitive form of the verb + Complement.

For this case the object is the person who DOES the action for the subject.

Example:

• The U GOT the students TO BUY the plattform.
• My sister GETS her children TO WASH the dishes.
• I'll GET the waiter TO CORRECT the check.
• DID she GET her friends TO GIVE money to the school?

Also, we can use "HAVE" and the base form of the verb and still meaning the same.

Subject + Have (Has, had) + Object + Base form of the verb + Complement.

Example:

• The U HAD the students BUY the plattform.
• My sister HAS her children WASH the dishes.
• I'll HAVE the waiter CORRECT the check.
• DID she HAVE her friends GIVE money to the school?

There is more causative verbs that we can use:

Tenses of the causative:

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Getting things done: Procrastination

 Procrastination

Sub-Topic: Getting things done

When we pospon respnsabilities, delay something or we're lazy about doing something important; we are procrastinators. It's a bad attitude and often it requires medical treatment.

Luckly, sometimes we have someone who helps us to do all those things that we are skipping.

Expressions:

I know this is last minute: There isn't a lot of time to do something.🖛 Sé que es de último momento.

It's really urgent: You need something A.S.AP. 🖛 Es muy urgente.

You're a lifesaver / I owe you one: You want to express gratitude for a favor. 🖛 Me salvaste la vida / Te debo una.

No sweat: You want to assure someone that a request is no problem for you. 🖛 Sin problema.

I won't keep you any longer: You don't want to take too much of someone's time. 🖛 No te seguiré molestando.

You've got a lot on your plate: You can see someone is really busy. 🖛 Tienes demasiado trabajo.

Note: 

• Borrow: Pedir prestado.
• Lend: Prestar.

Example:

*Usagi: Good morning Amy!

٩(ˊ〇ˋ*)و

-Amy: Oh, Hi Usagi. How are you today?

*Usagi: I'm really tired and hungry, I oversleep and I almost arrive late. 

-Amy: Well at least, I guess you did your homework , didn't you?

*Usagi: ... 

(⊙_⊙)

-Amy: ...

*Usagi: WAAhawaahaha, it can't be! I forgot that. Amy please, I know this is last minute, but please, can you do my homerwork for me before class? You know it's really urgent.

(ಥ﹏ಥ)

-Amy: Usagi, I can't believe it. You know that right now ...

*Usagi. I know! I know! I know! You've got a lot on your plate with all your seminars stuff. But I won't keep you any longer, my homework isn't too difficult.

-Amy: *Sigh* Ok Usagi, no sweat on this. I'll help, BUT this is the last time, you need to be more responsible.

*Usagi: Waaaa thank you thank you, Amy! You're my lifesaver. And now I owe you one, ask me whatever you want.

☆*:.｡.o(≧▽≦)o.｡.:*☆

-Amy: JUST STAR STUDIYING!

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