Expressions: Natural Disasters

 Natural Disasters

A natural disaster is a situation where humans, animals and enviroment are in danger because the consequences of the natural phenomena: Earthquakes, Blizzards, Tornados, Flood and even pandemic phenomena.

1. Huge - Enormous: Something or someone is big.

   

   The Gashadokuro is a huge monster.
   The Gashadokuro is a enormous monster.

   
   
2. Casualties: People who are injured or killed in an event.

   

   The casualties of the flood.

   
   
3. Property damage: Destruction or harm to buildings, cars, and other things that belong to victims of an event.

   

   After the tornado, there was a lot of property damage.

   
   
4. Breaking news: Is used to describe the first news reports of an important event that is happening at the present. 

Let's see the breaking news.

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 Noun clauses: Embedded questions

Sub-topics: Ask about an article

A question can be include in a noun clause. At the beginning of a noun clause, some expresions are used as an introducction to the embedded question:

- Tell me...

- I'd like to know...

- Could you tell me...?

- I can't remember...

- I don't understand...

- I wonder...

- I'm not sure...

- I don't know...

- Do you know...?

There are two ways of questions that can be embedded:

1. Yes/No questions ➡ Embedded Yes/No questions

Structure: Expression + IF + Subject + (Auxiliary) + Verb + complement

Examples:

• Is that magazine interesting ➡ Tell me IF that magazine is interesting.
• Did he like the article? ➡ I'd like to know IF he liked the article.
• Have you finished that newspaper? ➡ Could you tell me IF you've finished that newspaper?

     2. Information questions ➡ Embedded information questions

Structure: Expression + Wh question + Subject + (Auxiliary) + Verb + Complement

Examples: 

• What's the article about? ➡  I can't remember WHAT the article's about.
• Why have you decided to read it? ➡ I don't understand WHY you've decided to read it.
• Who's the writer? ➡ I wonder WHO the writer is.
• Whose magazine is it? ➡ I'm not sure WHOSE magazine it is.
• When was it written? ➡ I don't know WHEN it was written.
• Where is the writer from? ➡ Do you know WHERE the writer is from?

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Practice Exercise #6

Topics: Reading for pleasure, Noun clauses.

Sub-topics: Recommend a book, Ways to describe a book.

For this section I will make a review of the topics learned through on a exercise using all the structures, vocabulary and more to show my improvement at these topics.

Recommend a book and ways to describe a book

 Recommend a book 

Sub-topic: Genres of books.

When we enjoy something, we share our passions with friends or family and we can have a dicuss about it. Reading is the perfect example of these situations.

Example:

Yui: Oh, hey Reiji, I didn't know you are here at the manor library. What are you searching for?

Reiji: Oh, dear Yui. I'm not here for something special, just my daily dracula biography reading. You know I just can't put it down. 

Yui: Oh yeah, I know, it's a real page turner.

Reiji: How about you? It's a surprise to see you here.

Yui: Oh don't mind me, I'm juuust ehm I'll just browse something interesting here. You know, it's a big library so I'm just keep going hehe. See you later.

Reiji: Wait! I know you're on something, I know you very well... Confess.

Yui: Waaaa, I'm sorry, I didn't want to hide something for you but you caught me. I just can't seem to get into the thriller books you said the other day, they just aren't my thing, so I came to give them back at their bookshelves. And I had shame to tell you, I know you enjoy reading and you can't get enough of books. Sniff*

Reiji: Oh Yui, you don't need to cry, it's fine dear. Here, what about search for something you like and we read it together? Sorry if I didn't ask you before.

Yui: Don't worry, I understand, I'm better now, thanks. Spending time with you always makes me happy.

Reiji: I'm glad, so what would you like to read?

Yui: Hmmmm let's see... What about... romance books? 

Reiji: (Oh no, those put me to sleep, they're my only weakness in my passion for reading, but I'll do it for her) 

Yui: Reiji?

Reiji: Oh hahaha well if it's what your heart desires, I will gladly do it.

Yui: u/////w/////u

Offer a solution: Ways to indicate acceptance

 Ways to indicate acceptance

Sub-topic: Offer a solution

Sometimes things don't go as we expected, that's why we have to learn ACCEPT the situation and find another solution.

Shouko wants to ask you a favor... but you can't do it.

Expressions to indicate acceptance:

No problem ⇨ No hay probelma.

I understand ⇨ Entiendo.

No worries ⇨ Sin preocupaciones / No te preocupes.

Don't worry about it ⇨ No te preocupes por ello.

Shouko accepts your refusal and thanks you. 

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The Causative 1

 The Causative with GET - HAVE

Sub-Topic: Offer a solution

This structure is for cases when you "cause" someone to do something you can't,  is similar to the PASSIVE VOICE but this is very different. We DON'T DO the action, but we CAUSE or PERSUADE another person DO IT for us or someone else.

Structure:

We use the verb "GET" and it can be used in all the tenses and structures. And also we use the infinitive form of the verb.

Subject + Get (Gets, got, gotten) + Object + Infinitive form of the verb + Complement.

For this case the object is the person who DOES the action for the subject.

Example:

• The U GOT the students TO BUY the plattform.
• My sister GETS her children TO WASH the dishes.
• I'll GET the waiter TO CORRECT the check.
• DID she GET her friends TO GIVE money to the school?

Also, we can use "HAVE" and the base form of the verb and still meaning the same.

Subject + Have (Has, had) + Object + Base form of the verb + Complement.

Example:

• The U HAD the students BUY the plattform.
• My sister HAS her children WASH the dishes.
• I'll HAVE the waiter CORRECT the check.
• DID she HAVE her friends GIVE money to the school?

There is more causative verbs that we can use:

Tenses of the causative:

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